In the article has been analyzed on the establishment of the Andijan State medical institute for the training of qualified medical personnel by the helping scientific literature and archive materials as well.

The article analyzes the impact of automation on the transformation of the legal sector, tracing the trajectory from the unification of contracting practices to the institutionalization of digital justice. The aim of the study is to determine how the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and contract lifecycle management (CLM) systems reduces the frequency of disputes and strengthens trust in the legal services market. The methodological framework includes a systematic review of academic sources, content analysis of industry reports, and a comparative analysis of empirical cases. The results obtained demonstrate that the standardization and automation of contracting directly diminish legal uncertainty — a key trigger of commercial conflicts — shortening document-processing times by up to 80% and increasing the accuracy of risk identification. In parallel, online dispute resolution (ODR) platforms provide efficient and predictable procedures for the settlement of residual disagreements, which indirectly raises the level of market trust. The conclusions drawn confirm the hypothesis that end-to-end automation of legal processes forms a more resilient and transparent legal environment. The materials are addressed to legal practitioners, researchers at the intersection of law and technology, developers of LegalTech solutions, and regulators.

This article examines the methodological aspects of organizing astronomy educational classes through the effective use of pedagogical and information technologies. The study analyzes the didactic potential of interactive teaching methods, digital educational resources, multimedia tools, and virtual laboratories in the formation of students’ astronomical knowledge. Particular attention is paid to the structure, content, and stages of implementing teaching methodologies based on pedagogical and information technologies. The article also highlights the role of interdisciplinary integration in astronomy lessons, the development of students’ independent and creative thinking, and the improvement of educational effectiveness. The research results provide a methodological basis for introducing innovative approaches in astronomy education.

This article provides a systematic overview of professor Makhmud Mamajonov’s scientific and pedagogical contributions to the fields of irrigation and hydraulic structures. It outlines his educational and scientific milestones and analyzes how these achievements have shaped his research and teaching. The paper highlights his more than 160 scholarly and methodological publications, authored textbooks and manuals, the establishment of the “Pump Devices” educational-scientific laboratory, and leadership in grant-funded applied projects. Examples of his pedagogical innovations - multimedia presentations, interactive “brainstorm” lessons, and hands-on student training - are discussed. Under his supervision over 75 engineer-hydrotechnicians, 47 bachelors and 5 masters were trained; his textbooks are widely used across Uzbek higher-education institutions. The article assesses his role in forming an academic school and the practical impact of his work on regional water management systems.

The concept of intercultural communication competence (ICC) has become a leading foundation in second-language learning, particularly in multilingual and multicultural classrooms in the United States. Since TESOL programs are becoming increasingly responsive to diverse student populations, a teacher's capacity to promote meaningful cross-cultural awareness has become a significant determinant of learners' engagement, language proficiency, and overall communicative competence. The article explores the conceptual background and pedagogical and practical issues of ICC in second-language teaching and presents ICC as a vital component of modern-day TESOL programs in the United States. Using the frameworks of Byram ICC, the Process Model of Deardorff and the most recent sociocultural studies, the article reveals how ICC contributes to the achievement of culturally inclusive pedagogy, teacher-student relationships, and pragmatic competence of learners. The research also assesses the current state of ICC integration in U.S. TESOL programs, its strengths, gaps, and the structural issues of teacher-training institutions. It also examines social changes, such as greater linguistic diversity, global mobility, and equity-based educational requirements, which call for a more robust embedding of ICC models in TESOL preparation. Pragmatic suggestions include redesigning the curriculum, planning assessments, implementing experiential learning in the community, and providing focused professional development. The article ends with a conception of a progressive model for integrating ICC into TESOL programs, focusing on sustainable, quantifiable, and pedagogically applicable aspects. The results highlight that intercultural competence is no longer a pleasant add-on but a legacy of effective second-language teaching in the American context.

The concept of a healthy lifestyle has become a central category in contemporary academic, medical, and socio-cultural discourse. However, its philosophical foundations and etymological origins are often taken for granted and insufficiently problematized. This article aims to provide an etymological and philosophical inquiry into the concept of a healthy lifestyle by tracing its semantic evolution from classical antiquity to modern philosophical and social thought. Drawing on ancient Greek notions of health (hygieia), medieval moral interpretations, and modern anthropological and ethical frameworks, the study examines how health has transformed from a biological condition into a normative ideal and cultural value. The article argues that a healthy lifestyle should be understood not merely as a set of behavioral prescriptions but as a complex philosophical construct shaped by values, meanings, and socio-historical contexts. Such an approach allows for a deeper understanding of health as a dimension of human flourishing, moral responsibility, and social practice.

This article presents the results of a structural-semantic analysis of the original and translated texts. Since the novel Starry Nights consists of two parts, the research scope is limited to the first part – Arosat. The conducted analysis allowed for the identification of the key structural elements that ensure the coherence of the text and content, as well as determining their semantic interrelation. As a result, concepts formed within the metasemiotic layer of the original and translated texts were identified, and the degree of their correspondence was established. This data provided a theoretical and practical foundation for the next stage – contextual analysis.

This article examines how innovation processes are managed in contemporary schools, exploring models, enablers, challenges, and outcomes. As educational demands evolve rapidly under globalization and digitalization, the capability of schools to adopt and sustain innovations is increasingly a core factor in their competitiveness and educational quality. Drawing on a range of empirical and conceptual studies, the article identifies effective strategies of innovation management in schools, highlights obstacles such as resistance to change or lack of infrastructure, and offers recommendations for educational administrators.

Given article has been analyzed new views on the activity of Khoja Ahror Vali and studying the period of the Timurids, give a high assessment to the role and position of individual governors in the life of the country, and describe the activities of religious leaders and entire social groups one-sidedly.

This article discusses the role of family, school, and community in improving social and communicative competence in preschool education through bilingualism, teaching children to communicate in a second language through daily activities and games, as well as the issue of language acquisition in a natural environment through poems, stories, and songs, and the development of children's problem-solving, collaboration, and creative thinking skills for cognitive and social development.

This article scientifically analyzes the effects of practicing judo on the human body. During the study, the impact of judo on the cardiovascular system, the musculoskeletal system, and psychological stability was examined. The results show that regular practice of judo not only increases physical strength but also develops resistance to stress.

In this article has been analyzed the occupation of Turkestan by the government of the Russian Empire and the looting of rare manuscripts and archival documents of the Uzbek people. In addition, it has been scientifically shown that many Oriental manuscripts, archives of the Khiva and Kokand khanates were confiscated from the libraries of princes’ palaces, madrasahs and mosques in Turkestan and taken to Russian scientific centers.

The article presents a design-theoretic analysis of the paired repetition method as a new model of experimental planning in the study of early bilingual development. The work is conducted within a cognitive-psycholinguistic framework that integrates evidence on early grammatical generalization, speech segmentation mechanisms, and discourse-based support during sentence reproduction. The study draws upon a comparative synthesis of recent international publications addressing grammar acquisition, cognitive strategy formation, and the assessment of linguistic abilities in bilingual children. Particular attention is given to substantiating paired repetition as a theoretical construct that combines the cognitive sensitivity of early language acquisition with the ecological validity of contextual tasks typical of school-age assessment. The article elaborates the principles of integrating segmentation and discourse mechanisms within a unified design approach that ensures continuity between early and later stages of language development. The novelty of the research lies in the formulation of paired repetition as a cognitive-diagnostic model aligning theoretical and practical aspects of evaluating grammatical competence in bilingual children. The article will be of interest to scholars and practitioners in psycholinguistics, bilingual education, and cognitive science.

This article discusses the methodology for improving teaching methods based on a communicative approach for students of primary education, as well as analyzes effective methods, interactive tasks, communication-oriented teaching technologies that serve to form communicative competencies in teaching the subject of native language-reading literacy, and the mechanisms of their practical application. Methodological proposals and recommendations are substantiated to develop students' oral and written speech, independent thinking, text analysis, and content reworking skills. Best practices in increasing the effectiveness of education based on a communicative approach, innovative strategies and teaching tools that can be used in the lesson process are based on a scientific and pedagogical point of view.

This article examines the textual and source-critical study of Alisher Navoi’s lyrical heritage, which became a central issue in Navoi studies in the 1960s. It focuses on the scholarly contributions of H. Sulaymon, who conducted extensive manuscript research, organized scientific expeditions, and applied historical-comparative methods to establish reliable texts. Special attention is given to the preparation of the critical edition of Xazoyin ul-maoniy, its structure, genre system, and chronological principles. The study also evaluates the role of composite (selection) divans and lithographic editions in preserving Navoi’s poetry, emphasizing their significance for the development of modern Navoi studies.

This article aims to clarify the theoretical issues and legal basis for streamlining Vietnam’s national administrative system today. By presenting different perspectives, policies, and legal foundations for reforming the country's administrative structure, the article demonstrates that streamlining the administrative system is a crucial management revolution for Vietnam's “New Era of Rise.” The success of this reform should be measured by clear improvements in service quality for businesses and citizens, as indicated by PCI/PAPI scores. The article also emphasizes that only through a combined approach—strengthening organizational efficiency, reforming administrative procedures (including digitalization), and investing in high-quality human resources—can the administrative system become a driving force, rather than an obstacle, for Vietnam’s development.

This article examines the reorganization of rural medical services in Uzbekistan in 1957 and the challenges associated with it, based on archival documents and statistical data.

For a long time now traditional classroom approach has been complemented by a variety of technological innovations. In Cameroon, the Presidential decree of 2009 initiating the construction of multimedia resource centers in Government Secondary Schools could be regarded as initial steps toward including technological innovations in the teaching-learning process. Ideally one would expect technological innovations to positively influence Educational practices. In this paper, we examine the influence of technology on educational practices in government colleges in Fako: The case of Bilingual Grammar School Molyko.

This paper investigated what influence technology has on educational practices in government secondary schools in Fako, with a case study of the Bilingual Grammar School Molyko (180 students and 150 teachers). 330 respondents were chosen to participate in our interview guide, and focus group discussions. In order to investigate the perceptions of students and teachers on the influence of technology on educational practices, a thematic analysis was carried out on the focused group data collected from the students. Similarly, SPSS was used and a chi-square test was run to reveal if there are significant relationships between the introduction of technology in the teaching-learning process and educational practices among teachers. Our hypothesis was that Learner’s and teachers’ perceptions will reveal that there is a significant influence of technologies on the educational practices at the Bilingual Grammar School, Molyko Buea. We recommend that the Bilingual Grammar School should organize termly workshops on adopting technological innovations in the teaching-learning process to keep both learners and teachers abreast with changing technologies relevant to the teaching-learning process. We also recommend that the multimedia resource centres be maintained regularly for practice using recent technological models.

This article analyzes the concept of differential approach and communicative culture in the views of Eastern scholars. The philosophical and linguistic heritage of Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Yusuf Khas Hajib, and Alisher Navoi is examined from the perspective of modern communication theory. The study demonstrates that Eastern thinkers emphasized individual, social, and cultural contexts in communication, which aligns with contemporary differential and intercultural approaches. The findings confirm the relevance of Eastern intellectual heritage in shaping communicative competence in modern education and society.