This study examines the impact of integrating Turon martial arts elements into wrestling training sessions on students’ physical fitness indicators. The research was conducted during the 2024–2025 academic year with the participation of 19 university students. Physical fitness tests were carried out at the beginning of the academic year (September) and during interim control (May), and the results were comparatively analyzed.

The findings revealed positive dynamics in strength, speed-strength abilities, and agility. Improvements were observed in pull-ups, push-ups, standing long jump, abdominal strength exercises, and shuttle running performance. The study confirms that integrating Turon martial arts elements into wrestling training contributes to the comprehensive development of students’ physical fitness and enhances training effectiveness.

Pain is a fundamental biological phenomenon serving both as a protective mechanism and a major clinical challenge. Despite decades of research, a significant gap persists between our understanding of pain neurophysiology and the quality of clinical pain management. This review examines pain as a multidimensional integrative system, synthesizing knowledge from peripheral nociception to cortical processing. It analyzes the historical evolution of pain theories, the specialized anatomy of nociceptive pathways, and key phenomena like peripheral and central sensitization. Drawing on International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) standards, the paper presents original data on the current state of pain education in Uzbekistan and proposes a competency-based framework for integrating pain neuroscience into the medical curriculum at Tashkent State Medical University. This integrated, biopsychosocial curriculum aims to graduate physicians equipped to manage pain effectively across diverse clinical contexts.

Mentorship has long been recognized as one of the most powerful determinants of professional development, career satisfaction, and scholarly productivity in academic medicine. Yet despite more than four decades of research documenting the benefits of mentoring relationships, academic medicine continues to face persistent inequities in recruitment, retention, advancement, and well-being, particularly among individuals who occupy marginalized or multiply marginalized social positions. This paradox suggests that mentorship cannot be fully understood or optimized without attention to broader social, cultural, and structural forces that shape how mentoring relationships are formed, enacted, and experienced. Drawing on a comprehensive body of scholarship on mentoring in academic medicine and integrating it with contemporary theories of intersectionality, cultural humility, cultural safety, and health equity, this article develops an original, theoretically unified, and empirically grounded framework for understanding mentorship as both a professional development mechanism and a site of power, identity negotiation, and institutional reproduction.

Using an integrative narrative synthesis approach grounded in the foundational mentoring literature of Roch, Palepu and colleagues, Pololi and colleagues, Allen and colleagues, Cameron and Blackburn, and others, alongside the intersectionality and equity-focused work of Collins, Crenshaw, Bowleg, Jones, Braveman, Curtis, Hook, and Wilkins, this study moves beyond a narrow focus on dyadic mentor–mentee relationships. Instead, it conceptualizes mentorship as a multilayered social process embedded within historically structured systems of race, gender, class, professional hierarchy, and institutional culture. The methodology involves a theoretically informed qualitative synthesis in which mentoring functions, roles, and outcomes identified in the medical education literature are reinterpreted through an intersectional lens to illuminate how advantages and disadvantages are differentially distributed.

The results of this analysis demonstrate that while mentorship consistently produces positive career outcomes, including increased productivity, career clarity, and professional confidence, these benefits are not evenly accessible. Informal mentoring networks, which are often the most powerful sources of sponsorship and career advancement, disproportionately favor those who already resemble institutional norms of authority and legitimacy. At the same time, mentees from marginalized backgrounds often experience mentoring relationships that are simultaneously supportive and constraining, shaped by cultural misunderstanding, implicit bias, and unequal power dynamics. The integration of cultural humility and cultural safety frameworks reveals that effective mentorship in diverse academic environments requires not only technical guidance but also a reflexive, justice-oriented orientation toward difference, power, and historical context.

In discussion, the article argues that mentorship must be reconceptualized as a form of institutional practice rather than merely an interpersonal relationship. Such a reconceptualization carries profound implications for faculty development, leadership training, and organizational accountability. By embedding intersectionality and equity into the design, evaluation, and everyday practice of mentoring, academic medical centers can transform mentorship from a mechanism that often reproduces inequality into one that actively disrupts it. The article concludes by outlining a set of theoretically grounded and empirically supported principles for building mentoring systems that promote both excellence and justice in academic medicine.

A non-invasive and scalable substitute for tissue biopsies is liquid biopsy-based cancer diagnosis using circulating tumor DNA (cfDNA) and RNA (cfRNA); however, appropriate integration of heterogeneous molecular signals is still a major obstacle. Using TCGA gene expression and copy number variation data, we present a Transformer-based multi-omics fusion framework for pan-cancer identification in this paper. The suggested method dynamically weights informative molecular properties and learns intricate cross-omics interactions using self-attention. A single representation was produced by preprocessing, normalizing, and combining the gene expression and copy number variation profiles of 5,408 tumor samples from 33 different cancer types. The Autoencoder, Multilayer Perceptron, Support Vector Machine, and Logistic Regression baselines were used to compare the model. The Transformer achieved an accuracy of 82.6%, an F1-score of 82.0%, and an AUC of 0.899, surpassing all other methods. The results of this study demonstrate that attention-based multi-omics integration is a powerful and reliable method for liquid biopsy-based cancer diagnosis, which encourages the creation of scalable, AI-powered precision oncology systems.

This article examines the role of iron and copper coordination compounds in modern medicine and pharmacology as of 2026. It substantiates the need to transition from inorganic metal salts to complex compounds with organic ligands to increase bioavailability and reduce toxicity. The mechanisms of action of modern drugs, including ferroptosis and cuproptosis , are described, as well as the use of metal complexes in the treatment of anemia, oncology, diagnostics (MRI and PET-CT), and regenerative medicine. Particular attention is paid to innovative delivery technologies, such as liposomal formulations and the use of AI in compound modeling.

This article presents the scientific aspects of maxillofacial surgery worldwide, including aspects of concomitant traumatic brain injury. It also discusses modern surgical methods for the treatment of concomitant maxillofacial injury. A differentiated approach to the treatment of concomitant maxillofacial injury is explored. Quality of life and pain are assessed using questionnaires. The effectiveness of surgical treatment and its impact on patients' quality of life are determined.

Studies were conducted to study the toxicological effects: safety and cumulative effect of a new combined dosage form in the form of gels based on benzketosone and papaya extract.  Experiments were performed on oral wounds and cutaneous wounds in an experiment on rats. A comparative analysis of the wound-healing effect of the new composition of gels "Benzpaya" was carried out with the comparison preparations gels Asepta and Salcoseril, the advantage of the former was revealed. The developed gel can become an alternative tool in the treatment and prevention of dental diseases with minimal risk of side effects. The new composition of gels "Benzpaya" in a dose of 150 mg / kg has a wound-healing effect, which reduces the time of cleansing and wound healing by 4-8 days. A comparative analysis with the comparison drugsgeli Asepta and Salcoseril revealed the advantage of the former.

 The results of studying the acute toxicity of the new composition of gels "Benzpaya-S" showed that they belong to the VI class of relatively harmless substances. LD5050in mice when administered into the oral cavity was more ≥than ≥5000 mg/kg. There is also a lack of not only cumulative action,but also habituation.

This scientific review expands the understanding of the mechanisms of colonization resistance of the vaginal mucosa by lactobacilli of the female reproductive tract, which are based on adhesion to epithelial cells, the production of lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins. Changes in these properties of the vagina lead to a disruption of the vaginal normocenosis, which can lead to the onset of gynecological diseases such as colpitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and cervical cancer.

Background. The issues of surgical treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hematomas are complex and far from resolved. The current trend in neurosurgery is the use of minimally invasive operations, the purpose of which is the most complete removal of the hematoma with minimal damage to the surrounding brain tissue.

Purpose of the research is to propose a new device and method for the removal of hypertensive intracerebral hematomas.

Material and methods. A blunt-ended cannula 100 mm long was used, which has a constant diameter of 10 mm over 90 mm, after which it conically narrows. At the border of the narrowing, the cannula has 3 longitudinal symmetrical oval holes 8 mm long and 6 mm wide. A micro vibration motor is located flush with the holes inside the cannula, which is an electric motor on the shaft of which there is an unbalanced load in the form of an eccentric. The device operates as follows: the truncated end of the cannula is punctured and positioned in the center of the hematoma. The vibration motor is connected to a power source with a voltage of 3.0 to 4.5 V DC. The vibration creates a limited vibrating circuit, which destroys and crushes the hematoma clots through the holes in the cannula. A metering peristaltic pump is connected to the outer end of the cannula to remove the blood clots.

Results. A new device and method for removing hypertensive intracerebral hematomas are described. Preliminary data from a pilot study showed the possibility of using the device and method in patients with this pathology.

Conclusions. A new vibration method for removing intracerebral hematomas is proposed. Further accumulation of clinical material and determination of indications for the use of the device and method are necessary.

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has undergone significant evolution over the past 25 years, fundamentally reshaping modern surgical practice. Compared with traditional open procedures, MIS is associated with reduced tissue trauma, lower infection rates, and faster postoperative recovery. This review highlights recent clinical and technological advances in MIS, with particular emphasis on minimally invasive coronary surgery (MICS) and the integration of advanced imaging technologies.

Major innovations include the widespread adoption of robotic surgical platforms, particularly the da Vinci robotic system, and the development of totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (TECAB), which enables complete myocardial revascularization without median sternotomy. The emergence of hybrid operating rooms (ORs) has further improved procedural efficiency by combining sterile surgical environments with high-resolution three-dimensional imaging modalities, such as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). These facilities support complex image-guided interventions and allow the seamless combination of surgical and percutaneous techniques.

Immersive technologies, including Virtual Reality (VR) and Mixed Reality (MR), are increasingly applied in preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance, enhancing spatial orientation and visualization of complex cardiovascular anatomy. Additionally, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine-learning algorithms contribute to motion correction, image optimization, and real-time decision support during cardiovascular procedures.

Despite these advancements, important challenges remain, including steep learning curves for robotic techniques, high equipment and maintenance costs, and limited tactile feedback in current robotic systems. Imaging artifacts and radiation exposure also represent ongoing technical concerns. Future developments are expected to focus on multimodal imaging, haptic feedback integration, and patient-centered innovations to further enhance surgical precision and safety. Continued multidisciplinary collaboration and robust clinical validation are essential to translate these technological advances into improved patient outcomes.

This article examines current clinical and laboratory approaches to diagnosing gonorrhea in women, taking into account the epidemiological, microbiological, and clinical characteristics of the disease.

This article is dedicated to the problem of external drainage of the bile ducts. Numerous attempts have been made to improve drainage tubes; however, it has not been possible to eliminate the method's shortcomings, and their correction falls within the purview of endoscopists. The treatment outcomes of 514 patients with cholelithiasis were analyzed to study the frequency and type of external bile duct drainage. The disadvantages of external bile duct drainage after choledocholithotomy fueled surgeons' desire for preoperative bile duct clearance. This led to a two-stage approach for treating cholelithiasis, incorporating endoscopic papillotomy, lithotripsy, and other procedures into clinical practice. Although initially met with resistance from surgeons, these techniques were gradually adopted into the practice of city and district hospitals decades later.

Soft tissue tumors (STTs) represent a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal neoplasms ranging from benign lesions to highly aggressive sarcomas. Accurate preoperative classification is essential for guiding biopsy planning, surgical strategy, and systemic therapy. However, conventional diagnostic workflows—based on clinical assessment and imaging interpretation—often face limitations due to overlapping morphological features across tumor subtypes.

A combined multimodal clinical and radiological model aims to improve diagnostic performance by integrating structured clinical data (e.g., age, sex, tumor location, growth rate, symptom duration, laboratory parameters) with advanced radiological features derived from imaging modalities such as MRI, CT, and occasionally PET. Radiological inputs may include conventional imaging characteristics (size, margins, signal intensity, contrast enhancement patterns) as well as quantitative radiomic features capturing tumor texture, shape, and heterogeneity.

Cardiotoxic complications remain one of the major limitations of modern antitumor therapy, significantly affecting treatment outcomes and long-term prognosis. Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of chemotherapy-induced myocardial damage, while genetic variability in antioxidant defense systems may determine individual susceptibility to cardiotoxic effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the combined influence of SOD2 and CAT (G262A) gene polymorphisms on the risk of cardiotoxic complications in patients receiving chemotherapy. A total of 102 patients undergoing antitumor treatment were included and divided into subgroups with (n=64) and without (n=38) cardiological complications; 97 healthy individuals served as controls. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction, and associations were assessed by calculating odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Carriage of the SOD2 A allele was associated with an increased risk of cardiotoxic complications (OR=1.32; p=0.03). The CAT 262A allele demonstrated an independent association with cardiotoxicity (OR=2.03; p=0.041). The highest risk was observed in patients carrying unfavorable alleles in both genes simultaneously, with a more than threefold increase in cardiotoxic complications (OR=3.46; p=0.004), indicating a synergistic effect. A dose-dependent relationship between the number of unfavorable alleles and cardiotoxic risk was identified. These findings suggest that combined analysis of SOD2 and CAT polymorphisms may improve risk stratification and support the development of personalized cardioprotective strategies in patients receiving potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy.

Objective: The current advancements in digital workflows and artificial intelligence in estimating tissue overload, restoration failures, and longevity predictions have increased the biomechanical precision in the field of esthetic dental rehabilitation and aim to analyze and compare the biomechanical parameters of aesthetic dental rehabilitation using generative neural networks versus traditional clinician-driven methods.

Methodology: A narrative review from 2015 to 2025 examined the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Cochrane library for studies in English concerning finite element, laboratory, clinical, and AI studies that include the outcomes of biomechanics.

Results: GNN assisted planning showed significant biomechanical gains in intricate rehabilitations, especially in multi-unit and implant-supported restorations. Declined peak stresses and more uniform distribution in peri-implant and periodontal structures, improved control of deformations, and thorough reconstruction in more optimized geometries, especially in the stresses or deformations, were noted. The evidence is mostly simulation-based, methodologically heterogeneous, and lacks thorough and sustained clinical validation.

Conclusions: GNN-based planning indicates possible biomechanical advantages, notably less peak stress for complicated dental rehabilitations; however, most evidence is simulation-based. The GNN workflow's clinical implementation requires biomechanical principles and relies on predictive analysis, explainable AI, and cross-disciplinary substantiation.

This article examines the impact of the Arg122His polymorphism in the PRSS1 gene on the incidence of acute pancreatitis. In the mechanism of acute pancreatitis development, environmental factors play an important role alongside genetic factors. Ethnic differences in the frequency distribution of alleles and genotypes of this gene's polymorphic variant were identified. Further advancement of molecular genetic research through studying the genetic basis of pancreatitis is crucial for developing new diagnostic methods and determining treatment strategies with an individualized approach to each patient.

The article describes in detail the historical aspects of such a serious disease as trigeminal neuralgia, the dynamic development of methods and techniques of conservative and surgical treatment. In connection with the development of medicine and the emergence of modern diagnostic methods, an analysis and importance for determining the severity of trigeminal neuralgia are given. The advantages of methods for treating trigeminal neuralgia, the validity of a differentiated approach taking into account the severity of the disease is given. Studies of the quality of life of patients using questionnaires, based on the analysis of the data obtained, the choice of a method for treating trigeminal neuralgia and improving the results.

The purpose of the study: To study the characteristics of clinical indicators in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus after COVID-19 infection. We conducted a study of 254 children with type 1 diabetes who had COVID-19 infection and were treated at the pediatric department of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Endocrinology named after Academician E.H. Turakulov and 30 practically healthy children of the same age and gender. Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus who have experienced COVID-19 infection demonstrate a higher frequency of cardiovascular, autonomic, and neurological manifestations, along with an increased prevalence of chronic diabetic complications, particularly in older age groups. These alterations are likely associated with post-infectious inflammatory responses, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances contributing to the progression of microvascular and neurocardiac impairments. These findings indicate that COVID-19 may act as an aggravating factor in the development and progression of chronic complications in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and highlight the importance of early diagnosis, regular cardiological evaluation, and comprehensive multidisciplinary follow-up in the post-COVID period.

The article presents studies on the development of a method for identifying ibuprofen, papaverine and dibazole in a model drug mixture using the TLC method. According to the results of chromatography "System", "Phase mobility" of the studied substances in individual solvents in different ratios, it was found that the system of chloroform – ethanol – ammonia conc. (1:1:0.5) is more suitable and provides optimal mobility. The polarity of the combined eluents was estimated by the value of the dielectric constant and the volume fraction of individual solvents included in the PF. It is shown that the developed end-to-end method for assessing the quality of the main active substances in the model medicinal mixture can be used in combined dosage forms.  Validation parameters such as the specificity and reproducibility of the developed TLC technique were also determined, studied on various chromatographic plates, and its reliability was evaluated based on the obtained Rf parameters. The results of validation of the TLC technique revealed its sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility, which will be very important (according to the requirements of the international harmonized standards for quality control ICH) for the analysis of the finished dosage form of antihypertensive action containing ibuprofen, papaverine, and dibazole.

This article examines the biochemical and pharmacological aspects of the use of zinc and cobalt coordination compounds in modern medical practice. The relevance of switching from inorganic salts to biocoordination compounds with organic ligands (amino acids, vitamins) to increase the therapeutic index and reduce toxicity is substantiated. The roles of zinc as an immunomodulator and antioxidant, and cobalt as a key component of hematopoiesis, are described. The potential for using these complexes in endocrinology, oncology, and regenerative medicine is analyzed.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the health of children with Down syndrome, taking into account vitamin D levels and trace element status, as well as the development of scientifically based methodological approaches to correcting the identified disorders. Based on data from clinical trials conducted in 2015–2024.

Conclusions. A new vibration method for removing intracerebral hematomas is proposed. Further accumulation of clinical material and determination of indications for the use of the device and method are necessary.

Adrenal neoplasms represent a diagnostically and therapeutically challenging group of endocrine disorders. The introduction of minimally invasive surgical techniques and modern imaging modalities has significantly improved treatment outcomes; however, optimal patient selection and perioperative management remain critical factors influencing surgical success. Objective. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic adrenalectomy based on a prospective analysis of diagnostic and surgical outcomes in patients with adrenal neoplasms. Methods. A prospective clinical study included 125 patients with adrenal tumors examined between 2024 and 2025. Diagnostic evaluation consisted of hormonal assessment and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography with three-dimensional reconstruction. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed in 50 patients. Clinical, hormonal, and morphological outcomes were analyzed, including postoperative recovery and complications. Results. Hormonally active tumors were identified in 78% of operated patients. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy was successfully completed in all cases without conversion to open surgery. Postoperative recovery was characterized by early mobilization and short hospitalization (5–7 days). Restoration of hormonal function occurred within 3–30 days in 96% of patients, while lifelong hormone replacement therapy was required in 4%. Histological examination revealed pheochromocytoma in 44%, ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome in 30%, aldosteroma in 16%, and adrenocortical adenomas in 10% of cases. Conclusions. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a safe and highly effective method for the treatment of adrenal neoplasms. Early diagnosis using modern imaging techniques combined with multidisciplinary perioperative management significantly improves clinical outcomes and reduces postoperative complications.

B2B and B2C marketing strategies are traditionally seen as variations of the same discipline, differing in the scope of deals and number of stakeholders. However, the psychological mechanisms of influence and decision-making structures in B2B are radically different from B2C. The study analyzes cognitive biases, framing effects, deficit cues in both contexts based on a systematic literature review 2010-2023. B2C decision-making is dominated by quick heuristics and emotional triggers, B2B is characterized by multi-stakeholder consensus and the dominance of perceived risk. Framing effects in B2C are strongest for loss-framed messages, B2B shows resistance to simple loss/gain framing. Scarcity signals in B2C activate impulse purchases, in B2B they are interpreted as a signal of demand or unreliability. Dark patterns fail in B2B through collective evaluation and long-term relationships. The developed application model takes into account stakeholder mapping, evaluation cycle management, trust building through content strategies, and customer lifetime value metrics.

The field of hepatobiliary surgery is undergoing a significant paradigm shift, transitioning from conventional open approaches toward increasingly sophisticated minimally invasive techniques, including laparoscopic and robotic surgery. This review critically examines the contemporary evidence supporting minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS), tracing its progression from minor resections to complex oncologic procedures and applications in liver transplantation. Current data consistently demonstrate that laparoscopic and robotic liver resections are associated with improved short-term perioperative outcomes compared with open surgery. These benefits include reduced intraoperative blood loss, lower transfusion requirements, and shorter lengths of hospital stay. Importantly, in both primary and secondary hepatic malignancies—such as hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal liver metastases—MILS achieves oncological outcomes equivalent to open surgery, with comparable rates of margin negativity, recurrence, and long-term survival. The advent of robotic-assisted surgery represents a further evolution in MILS, addressing several technical constraints of conventional laparoscopy. Enhanced three-dimensional visualization, tremor suppression, and articulated instrumentation facilitate precise dissection and suturing, particularly in technically demanding hepatectomies, including resections of posterosuperior segments and complex staged procedures such as associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS). These advantages may translate into reduced operative difficulty and physiological stress in selected patients. Despite its growing adoption and recognition as a standard approach in high-volume centers, the widespread implementation of MILS remains limited by cost considerations, unequal access to advanced technology, and a steep learning curve. This review concludes that while minimally invasive liver surgery is firmly established, further high-quality randomized controlled trials and standardized training pathways are essential to optimize outcomes, ensure oncological rigor, and promote safe global dissemination of these techniques.

This paper examines the main clinical, anamnestic, laboratory, and instrumental criteria for the differential diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in adolescents. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of a symptom complex including rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal congestion, and itching, as well as their relationship with allergen exposure and seasonality.

This article analyzes the psychological foundations of the manicure as a self-support ritual and a form of self-affirmation. The relevance of the study is driven by the sustained demand for nail services during periods of crisis and their influence on emotional regulation. The novelty lies in the analytical synthesis of data on manicures, makeup, and cultural-symbolic body codes with a focus on "body extension." The work describes the effects of manicures on mood, relaxation, and vitalization; it examines the differences between salon and independent practices, color coding, the influence of communication with the technician, the sanitary foundations of trust, and the boundaries between care and compulsion. Special attention is paid to salon communication as a condition for enhancing positive experiences. The objective of the work is to identify how manicures influence self-esteem and social behavior. To achieve this, comparative analysis, interpretive generalization of empirical data, content analysis of regulations, and theoretical modeling are employed. Publications and studies on makeup and female grooming practices are examined. The conclusion describes an applied framework for conscious decision-making for clients and technicians. The article will be useful to psychologists, nail service specialists, and researchers of female grooming.

This article presents the results of diagnosing and treating early postoperative bile duct complications in 92 patients. Following minimally invasive surgical interventions, the number of postoperative complications decreased from 16 (33.3%) to 3 (6.8%), and the average length of hospital stay reduced from 15.8±2.32 days to 8.41±0.32 days. Additionally, postoperative mortality declined from 12.5% to 2.3%. These outcomes demonstrate the effectiveness of the performed minimally invasive surgical interventions.