The development of human capital is a lever for sustainable economic growth. This study analyzes the importance of human capital in the process of economic growth in Benin. It was carried out on time series from 1990 to 2020. The analysis was based on the Toda Yamamoto causality test, and estimates were made using an autoregressive lag-staggered model (ARDL). The causality test reveals that spending on education causes gross domestic product per capita. The estimates show that education spending has a negative influence on the country's economic growth, while health spending and the gross secondary school enrolment rate have a positive influence in both the short and long term. However, these variables do not have a significant effect on gross domestic product per capita in the long term, while in the short term, it is only health spending that does not have a significant effect on Benin's economic growth.

There are many units representing the time category in linguistic phenomena. Among them, nouns have a special place. This article analyzes the role of nouns in the English and Uzbek languages in expressing the time category.

This article investigates the prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among healthcare professionals in the Northwest Region of Cameroon, a region marked by armed conflicts and unique challenges. A cross-sectional study involving 90 healthcare professionals from three selected hospitals revealed that 27.8% met the diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Nurses exhibited the highest prevalence, followed by doctors and support staff. Exposure to traumatic events, particularly those related to armed conflict and life-threatening illnesses, was significantly associated with an increased risk of PTSD. This study establishes a strong association between exposure to traumatic events, particularly those related to armed conflict and life-threatening illnesses, and an elevated risk of developing PTSD. The findings emphasize the urgent need for mental health support and tailored interventions to address the well-being of healthcare professionals in this region, ultimately enhancing the quality of healthcare services provided to the community.

Mindfulness has become a proven method for improving mental health and overall well-being. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the current research on mindfulness and its impact on clinical outcomes such as anxiety, depression, stress, and quality of life. Studies using neuroimaging techniques have shown that practicing mindfulness leads to functional and structural changes in specific areas of the brain involved in executive control, emotion regulation, and self-awareness. Meta-analyses have indicated that mindfulness-based interventions have a significant positive effect on mood and anxiety disorders. The proposed psychological mechanisms behind these effects include increased metacognitive awareness, self-compassion, and the ability to distance oneself from negative thoughts. Research-based recommendations are given to utilize mindfulness for enhancing mental well-being. These suggestions include mindfulness apps, online resources, daily routines, and professional therapies based on mindfulness. Although more research is needed, the evidence strongly backs up mindfulness as an effective and accessible therapeutic technique for promoting positive mental health by bringing our awareness to the present moment. This analysis combines the most recent findings on how mindfulness can improve psychological functioning and resilience.

It is obvious that the main aspects of free economic zones are to ensure the country’s integration into the world economy and effective attraction of foreign capitals especially direct investments. In this article, the concept and peculiarities of free economic zones have been completely studied. Besides, author completely analyses the concept and definition of free economic zoens were developed by scientists. At the same time author studied various structural features of free economic zones. Moreover, the types of free economic zones as well as the aims of creation of ones have been considered.

The article deals with the syntactic-semantic expression of causative structures in English and Karakalpak languages. Causative structures in comparatively studied languages have their own characteristics, and the semantics of causative verbs in English and Karakalpak languages are presented in a certain classification. In the Karakalpak language, causation is formed under the influence of the lexical meaning of the verb, certain morphological forms and context while in English it is formed by analytical and lexical means. Moreover, it is represented that if the causative structure is used together with the main predicate, it acts as a complex participle.

The influence of Greek civilization on various aspects of literature and culture is well-documented. However, the exploration of Greek impact on Turkic literature, specifically in works such as Kutadgu Bilig by Yusuf Khos Khajib, remains a subject that warrants further investigation. This scientific article aims to examine the presence and significance of Greek influence in the writing of Kutadgu Bilig and its implications on the overall meaning and interpretation of the work.

This article aims to analyze the presence of Greek influence in "Kutadgu Bilig" by examining linguistic elements, narrative structures, and philosophical themes within the text. By identifying and exploring examples of Greek loanwords, storytelling techniques, and philosophical concepts, we can gain insights into the extent and significance of Greek impact on the work.

This research project delves into the development and implementation of oriented learning devices, specifically Model Eliciting Activities (MEAs), to enhance the mathematical abstraction skills of students in Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) – vocational schools in Indonesia. The study explores the effectiveness of these MEAs in improving students' ability to abstract mathematical concepts and apply them to real-world problems. By integrating innovative teaching tools and techniques, the research aims to empower SMK students with the critical skills needed to excel in both their vocational and academic pursuits.

In this article, the types of sentences in the ancient Turkic language according to their structure and the peculiarities of simple sentences are analyzed. The types of simple sentences in the ancient Turkic language and the views of representatives of linguistics on the division of simple sentences into types are comparatively studied.

The study was carried out to investigate the effect of community support on the social adjustment of internally displaced students in Fako Division. The mixed method approach with sequential explanatory research design was adopted in this study. The sample of the study was made up of 440 internally displace students in secondary schools in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon, 12 principals and 20 Guidance counsellors.  The sample of the study was grouped following the sub Divisions and school types in Fako Division. The instruments used for data collection were a questionnaire, focus group discussion guide for students and interview guide for principal and guidance counsellors. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The descriptive statistical tools used were frequency count, percentages, multiple responses, mean and standard deviation. With reference to inferential statistical tools, the Spearman’s rho test and Chi-Square test were adopted for the study. The Spearman’s rho test was used in testing the hypothesis. The Chi-Square test was used to further expatiate on the hypothesis results using the cross tabulation technique. The qualitative data derived from the focus group discussion with students and interview with principals and counsellors were analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings showed that community support has a significant positive influence on the social adjustment of internally displaced students (R-value = 0.398**, p-value 0.000< 0.05). This implied that social adjustment of internally displaced students is more likely to be high when their community are are supportive. The study recommended that internally displaced students should be supported by community which will help to enhance their social adjustment.

The abstract presents recommendations that aim to foster development, equality, and inclusivity in the water and sanitation sectors, building upon existing policies and laws. Implementing these recommendations will contribute to equitable access, social justice, and sustainable development in the sector. Key recommendations include integrating various dimensions into water and sanitation development, enforcing the Constitution of Nepal 2015 for equal rights and social justice, adopting inclusive and participatory approaches outlined in the Local Governance Operation Act 2017, incorporating the Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Operational Guidelines 2017 into WASH programs, aligning the Nepal WASH Sector Development Plan with the SDGs, and effectively implementing the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Act 2079 and the WASH Act of municipalities to ensure citizens' rights and prioritize equity and inclusivity. The KARNALI approach recommends, emphasizing stakeholder involvement, community empowerment, and sustainability for effective water and sanitation governance, including needs assessment, resource utilization, knowledge sharing, barrier removal, and innovation.

It is known that gradonymy is a universal linguistic phenomenon. In language one can observe a gradation of generalizing and isolating abstraction. The degree of abstraction of the Uzbek language is unique. This article defines the features of the gradation of generalizing and isolating abstraction in the Uzbek language. Graduated series of abstract units associated with nouns and adjectives were studied.