Mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary glands, is one of the most common and costly diseases affecting dairy cattle worldwide, particularly in smallholder dairy farming systems in Kenya. This study aimed to evaluate treatment strategies and antibiotic usage practices in managing mastitis on Kenyan smallholder dairy farms. A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 150 smallholder dairy farmers in central and Rift Valley regions of Kenya. Data was collected through structured interviews and on-farm observations. The study found that most farmers relied on antibiotics for mastitis treatment, with common drugs including penicillin, oxytetracycline, and ampicillin. However, there was limited knowledge regarding appropriate dosing, withdrawal periods, and the risks of antibiotic resistance. Additionally, most farmers lacked access to veterinary advice, and treatment decisions were often based on past experiences rather than scientific guidelines. This study highlights the need for improved education on mastitis management and antibiotic stewardship to enhance both animal welfare and public health.

Avian influenza remains one of the most dangerous viral infections affecting both wild and domestic birds. Effective diagnostics are essential to prevent outbreaks and virus dissemination. This article discusses the use of the hemagglutination inhibition test (HI test) as a standard serological method for identifying antibodies against the avian influenza virus. The methodology for performing the HI test, interpretation of results, and its significance in the veterinary control system in the Republic of Uzbekistan are presente.

The study evaluates the potential of using winged bean tuber (CBT) as an alternative to corn meal in the concentrate mixture of Thai native beef cattle diets. The aim was to assess the nutritional value, growth performance, and economic feasibility of incorporating CBT into cattle feed. The trial involved feeding Thai native beef cattle with varying levels of CBT in their diets. Results indicated that CBT could be a suitable alternative to corn meal without adversely affecting growth performance, and it may provide an economically viable option for local farmers. The study suggests that CBT is a promising substitute in cattle feed, offering nutritional benefits and reducing dependency on imported feed ingredients.