
Evaluating the Feasibility of Winged Bean Tuber in Beef Cattle Diets: A Potential Substitute for Corn Meal
Prof. Somchai Thongchai , Division of Animal Nutrition, School of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandAbstract
The study evaluates the potential of using winged bean tuber (CBT) as an alternative to corn meal in the concentrate mixture of Thai native beef cattle diets. The aim was to assess the nutritional value, growth performance, and economic feasibility of incorporating CBT into cattle feed. The trial involved feeding Thai native beef cattle with varying levels of CBT in their diets. Results indicated that CBT could be a suitable alternative to corn meal without adversely affecting growth performance, and it may provide an economically viable option for local farmers. The study suggests that CBT is a promising substitute in cattle feed, offering nutritional benefits and reducing dependency on imported feed ingredients.
Keywords
Winged bean tuber, corn meal, Thai native beef cattle, concentrate mixture, cattle feed
References
Prathumchai N, Polprasert C, Englande AJ Jr. Phosphorus distribution and loss in the livestock sector–The case of Thailand. Resour Conserv Recycl. 2018;136:257–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.04.027.
Moungsree S, Neamhom T, Polprasert S, Patthanaissaranukool W. Carbon footprint and life cycle costing of maize production in Thailand with Temporal and geographical resolutions. Int J Life Cycle Assess. 2022;13:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-022-02021-4.
BOI (Thailand Board of Investment). Thailand: Food Industry. Accessed 10. March 2021. https://www.boi.go.th/upload/content/Food%20industry_5abde0169bf4c.pdf
OAE (Office of Agricultural Economics). Agricultural economic information. 2021. http://www.oae.go.th/view/1/Information/EN-US. Accessed 3 March 2023.
TFMA (Thai Feed Mill Association). Feed consumption 2020. Based on animal population forecast. http://www.thaifeedmill.com/tabid/56/Default.aspx. Accessed 3 March 2023.
Singvejsakul J, Chaovanapoonphol Y, Limnirankul B. Modeling the price volatility of cassava chips in Thailand: evidence from bayesian GARCH-X estimates. Economies. 2021;17(3):9. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies9030132.
TFM (Thai Feed Mill Association). Monthly Raw Materials Price. Home Page. Available online: https://www.thaifeedmill.com. Accessed on 3 March 2023.
Suntara C, Sombuddee N, Lukbun S, Kanakai N, Srichompoo P, Chankaew S, Khonkhaeng B, Gunun P, Gunun N, Polyorach S, Foiklang S. In vitro evaluation of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) tubers as an alternative feed for ruminants. Animals. 2023;13:677. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13040677
Sriwichai S, Laosatit K, Monkham T, Sanitchon J, Jogloy S, Chankaew S. Genetic diversity of domestic (Thai) and imported winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.] cultivars assessed by morphological traits and microsatellite markers. Ann Agri Sci. 2022;67:34–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aoas.2022.04.002.
Suntara C, Wanapat M, Chankaew S, Khonkhaeng B, Supapong C, Chanjula P, Gunun P, Gunun N, Foiklang S, Phesatcha K, Cherdthong A. Improvement of the nutritional quality of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus tubers by fermentation with ruminal crabtree-negative yeasts on the in vitro digestibility and fermentation in rumen fluid. Fermentation. 2022;8:209. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8050209.
Sriwichai S, Monkham T, Sanitchon J, Jogloy S, Chankaew S. Dual-purpose of the winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.), the neglected tropical legume, based on pod and tuber yields. Plants. 2021;10:1746. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081746.
Adegboyega TT, Abberton MT, AbdelGadir AA, Dianda M, Maziya-Dixon B, Oyatomi OA, Ofodile S, Babalola OO. Nutrient and antinutrient composition of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) seeds and tubers. J Food Qual. 2019;3:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3075208.
Tanzi AS, Eagleton GE, Ho WK, Wong QN, Mayes S, Massawe F. Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) for food and nutritional security: synthesis of past research and future direction. Planta. 2019;250:911–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03141-2
Ning D, Yuan JM, Wang YW, Peng YZ, Guo YM. The net energy values of corn, dried distillers grains with soluble and wheat bran for laying hens using indirect calorimetry method. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2014;27:209. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.13243
Tan C, Ramírez-Restrepo CA, Shah AM, Hu R, Bell M, Wang Z, McSweeney C. The community structure and microbial linkage of rumen protozoa and methanogens in response to the addition of tea seed saponins in the diet of beef cattle. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2020;11:1–0. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-020-00491-w.
National Research Council. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. National Academies; 2001. Feb 9.
Tangjitwattanachai N, Sommart K. Crude protein requirement for maintenance of Thai native cattle: A meta-analysis. Khon Kaen Agri J. 2010;38(Supp):172–5.
Supapong C, Cherdthong A, Seankamsorn A, Khonkhaeng B, Wanapat M, Gunun N, Gunun P, Chanjula P, Polyorach S. Effect of Delonix regia seed meal supplementation in Thai native beef cattle on feed intake, rumen fermentation characteristics and methane production. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2017;232:40–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.08.004.
Chanjula P, So S, Suntara C, Prachumchai R, Cherdthong A. Efficiency of feed utilization, ruminal traits, and blood parameters of goats given a total mixed diet ration containing extracted oil palm meal. Vet Sci. 2022;9:612. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9110612.
So S, Cherdthong A, Wanapat M. Growth performances, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation and energy partition of Thai native steers fed exclusive rice straw and fermented sugarcane Bagasse with Lactobacillus, cellulase and molasses. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. 2022;106:45–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13563.
Suriyapha C, Supapong C, So S, Wanapat M, Cherdthong A. Bioconversion of agro-industrial residues as a protein source supplementation for multiparous Holstein Thai crossbreed cows. PLoS ONE. 2022;17:e0273916. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273916.
De Lumen BO, Reyes PS. Chemical composition studies on winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) tubers. J Food Sci. 1982;47(3):1026–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1982.tb12723.x
Castillo-González AR, Burrola-Barraza ME, Domínguez-Viveros J, Chávez-Martínez A. Rumen microorganisms and fermentation. Arch Med Vet. 2014;46:349–61. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0301-732x2014000300003.
Carrillo-Díaz MI, Miranda-Romero LA, Chávez-Aguilar G, Zepeda-Batista JL, González-Reyes M, García-Casillas AC, Tirado-González DN, Tirado-Estrada G. Improvement of ruminal neutral detergent fiber degradability by obtaining and using exogenous fibrolytic enzymes from white-rot fungi. Animals. 2022;12:843. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12070843.
Ørskov ER, Fraser C. The effects of processing of barley-based supplements on rumen pH, rate of digestion and voluntary intake of dried grass in sheep. Br J Nutr. 1975;34:493–500. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114575000530.
Article Statistics
Copyright License
Copyright (c) 2025 Prof. Somchai Thongchai

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain the copyright of their manuscripts, and all Open Access articles are disseminated under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which licenses unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is appropriately cited. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations.