This article analyses illicit enrichment under Article 20 of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) and Financial Action Task Force (FATF) guidance, comparing criminalization in different jurisdictions, as well as unexplained-wealth models worldwide. It highlights shared features, such as presumption of illicit origin, reasonable suspicion, and no need to prove a predicate offence. It argues that Uzbekistan should adopt a illicit-enrichment offence with asset-declaration enforcement to strengthen deterrence, asset recovery, and the rule of law.

Illicit enrichment, predicate offence, suspicion

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