Political Science Law
| Open Access |
DOI: Unregulated And Hybrid Transport Service Contracts: A Comparative Study Of Uzbekistan, Russia, Japan, The United States, Malaysia, And Other Jurisdictions
Nasirjon Ibragimovich Askarov , Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Law, Tashkent, UzbekistanAbstract
This article examines unregulated and hybrid transport service contracts that have emerged in modern mobility ecosystems, including app-based taxi platforms (Yandex Go, MyTaxi), ride-sourcing, on-demand auxiliary services (battery jump-start, alcohol-free driver services), and car-sharing models (Delimobil, Zipcar, Times Car Plus). These services often combine multiple legal elements—transportation, agency, rental, consumer services, digital intermediation—and therefore do not neatly fit traditional legislative classifications. Because such contracts remain legally unnamed in many jurisdictions, including Uzbekistan, they create challenges in qualification, consumer protection, liability allocation, taxation, and regulatory oversight.
Drawing from civil-law theory (Ioffe, Braginsky, Butler, Piskov), international transport regulation, and comparative case studies, the article proposes a doctrinal understanding of hybrid transport contracts and provides practical recommendations for improving Uzbekistan’s legislative framework.
Keywords
Unregulated contracts, hybrid transport contracts, transport service agreements
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Copyright (c) 2025 Nasirjon Ibragimovich Askarov
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