Volume 6.
Issue 10.

This study explores the role of men in the utilization of family planning services in Semien Woreda, Mekelle Town, Tigray, Ethiopia, in 2013. Family planning is a crucial aspect of reproductive health, with men’s involvement playing a significant role in the successful uptake and continued use of these services. The research aims to assess the level of awareness, attitudes, and practices of men regarding family planning and their influence on decision-making processes within households.

Data were collected through structured interviews and surveys with married men, health workers, and community leaders. The study reveals that while many men have basic knowledge of family planning methods, cultural norms, misconceptions, and limited male-targeted educational efforts hinder greater involvement. The findings highlight the importance of increasing male engagement in family planning discussions and decision-making to improve overall utilization rates.

This study provides recommendations for designing male-inclusive family planning programs that address sociocultural barriers and encourage shared responsibility between men and women. The results suggest that involving men more actively could enhance the effectiveness of family planning initiatives in the region.

Mentorship Cost assessment in corrective jaw procedures, particularly orthognathic surgery, represents a multidimensional decision-making challenge shaped by clinical expertise, procedural complexity, and behavioral determinants influencing professional judgment. This study investigates the comparative determinants influencing cost estimation practices in orthognathic procedures under dual clinical expertise, typically involving collaboration between maxillofacial surgeons and orthodontists. Drawing on behavioral decision theory and entrepreneurship intention frameworks, the research conceptualizes cost assessment not merely as a technical financial calculation but as a cognitively and institutionally influenced process shaped by attitudes, perceived control, risk perception, and interprofessional dynamics.

The theoretical foundation integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), which explains how behavioral intentions are formed through attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (Ajzen, 1991; Ajzen, 2002). These constructs are extended into clinical decision-making contexts to explain variability in cost estimation practices. Additionally, interdisciplinary evidence from entrepreneurial intention literature is used to model how professional intent, experiential learning, and environmental constraints influence decision variability (Lüthje & Franke, 2004; Souitaris et al., 2007).

The study synthesizes prior orthognathic cost-of-goods-sold (COGS) analyses, particularly highlighting variability in cost drivers such as surgical time, equipment usage, hospital resources, and clinician preference structures (Lone et al., 2023). The findings suggest that dual-expertise environments introduce both efficiency gains and cost variability due to differing professional heuristics and perceived procedural necessity thresholds.

Results indicate that perceived behavioral control and risk tolerance significantly influence cost estimation consistency, while interprofessional coordination reduces variability when structured communication pathways exist. However, conflicting professional norms between orthodontic and surgical perspectives introduce systematic divergence in cost projection models.

The study contributes to healthcare economics literature by reframing cost assessment as a behaviorally mediated construct rather than a purely accounting-based outcome. It further provides a structured model for understanding how cognitive, institutional, and procedural determinants interact in shaping orthognathic surgery cost estimation frameworks.

This study examines the main echocardiographic parameters in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) and analyzes how these parameters are influenced by the presence of concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). CCI, associated with reduced cerebral blood flow, can be exacerbated by COPD, which negatively affects cardiovascular and respiratory functions. The study evaluates key echocardiographic markers such as left ventricular ejection fraction, right ventricular function, and pulmonary artery pressure. The findings indicate that patients with both CCI and COPD exhibit more significant cardiac dysfunction, suggesting that COPD may worsen cardiovascular complications in CCI patients.

Pesticide residues in human blood are a critical concern due to their potential health risks. This study presents the development and validation of a novel assay utilizing Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) for detecting pesticide residues in human blood. The assay aims to enhance the accuracy, sensitivity, and reliability of pesticide residue analysis, addressing gaps in current detection methods. The assay development involved optimizing sample preparation techniques, including blood extraction and clean-up processes, to ensure minimal interference and maximum recovery of pesticide residues. We employed GC/MS to separate and identify a wide range of pesticides, including organophosphates, carbamates, and organochlorines, based on their unique mass spectra and chromatographic profiles.

Validation of the assay was conducted according to established guidelines, including assessment of specificity, sensitivity, linearity, and reproducibility. The method demonstrated high specificity with no significant cross-interference from other compounds. Sensitivity was validated through detection limits well below regulatory thresholds, and linearity was confirmed across a broad concentration range. Reproducibility was ensured with consistent results across multiple runs and different operators. The developed assay provides a robust and reliable tool for the detection and quantification of pesticide residues in human blood, offering improved analytical capabilities compared to existing methods. This advancement is crucial for monitoring pesticide exposure, assessing health risks, and supporting regulatory compliance. The study underscores the importance of accurate pesticide residue analysis in safeguarding public health and contributes to the broader field of environmental and clinical toxicology.

The article presents the results of experimental studies on the effects on the parietal and visceral peritoneum of intact animals and with simulated widespread peritonitis in white mongrel rats weighing 140 180 g. It was found that methylene blue at a concentration of 0.05% in intact animals at exposure of 5 minutes causes desquamation and small foci of necrosis of mesothelial cells, and in peritonitis against the background of photodynamic therapy has a beneficial effect on reparative processes due to the formation of singlet oxygen. The histological picture of the peritoneum in rats after abdominal sanitation by PDT at all stages of the study was qualitatively better than that of the representatives of the group during abdominal sanitation with 0.02% chlorhexidine solution. Based on the results of morphological studies, the authors recommend that the developed method of photodynamic sanitation of the abdominal cavity be introduced into clinical practice.

This study focuses on the comparative analysis of microcirculation parameters in the lower extremities of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), considering their body weight. Microcirculation disturbances are common in diabetic patients and are significantly influenced by obesity. The study evaluates how body weight impacts blood flow and tissue perfusion in the lower extremities. Results indicate that patients with higher body weight exhibit more pronounced microcirculation disorders, which can exacerbate complications such as diabetic foot syndrome. These findings highlight the importance of weight management in improving microvascular health in T2DM patients.