The article explores the multifaceted concept of «Motherland» in 19th century Russian poetry. It delves into how this concept is interwoven with the era’s socio-political, cultural discourses, and national identity, through a comprehensive literature review, theoretical framework, and mixed-methods approach. The study examines poets like Pushkin, Lermontov, Tyutchev, and Nekrasov, highlighting their diverse thematic representations of Motherland, from reverence to critique. It underscores poetry’s role in shaping Russian national consciousness and cultural memory, offering new insights into the complex dynamics of identity formation and the symbolic geography of Russia.

This study investigates the environmental attitudes and ecological behavior among students in Kibera and Kasarani Divisions of Nairobi, Kenya. With growing concerns about environmental degradation and sustainability, understanding individual attitudes and behaviors towards the environment is crucial for effective conservation efforts. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and observations, to assess students' perceptions, knowledge, and practices related to environmental issues. Factors influencing environmental attitudes and behaviors, such as education, socio-economic status, and cultural beliefs, are also explored. The findings provide insights into the current state of environmental awareness and engagement among students in urban settings, highlighting areas for intervention and education to promote sustainable practices and conservation initiatives.

This study investigates the impact of emulsifiers on the sensory characteristics of high cassava flour composite bread. As cassava flour is increasingly used in bread formulation due to its gluten-free nature and affordability, understanding the role of emulsifiers in enhancing sensory qualities becomes essential for improving overall bread quality. The research assesses the effects of different emulsifiers on key sensory attributes such as texture, flavor, aroma, and overall acceptability of high cassava flour composite bread. A combination of sensory evaluation techniques, including descriptive analysis and consumer preference testing, is utilized to gather comprehensive insights. The findings provide valuable information for optimizing bread formulations with cassava flour, contributing to the development of nutritious and palatable gluten-free bread options.