This study explores the strategies for enhancing research and development (R&D) human capital, focusing on a comparative analysis of international best practices and their implications for Vietnam. The importance of a skilled and innovative workforce in driving R&D is recognized globally as a key factor for fostering technological advancements and economic growth. Through examining successful R&D human resource models from countries such as the United States, Germany, South Korea, and Singapore, the study identifies critical elements for effective human capital development in research-intensive industries. It also highlights the challenges Vietnam faces in developing its own R&D workforce, including issues related to education, talent retention, and funding. By evaluating international experiences, this research proposes strategic recommendations tailored to Vietnam's unique socio-economic context, aiming to strengthen its R&D capabilities, foster innovation, and enhance competitiveness on the global stage. The findings offer insights into policy improvements, educational reforms, and institutional support systems required to nurture a dynamic R&D ecosystem in Vietnam.

This article examines the improvement of the legal foundations of prosecutorial oversight in enforcing food safety legislation in Uzbekistan, as well as international legislative practices in this area. Through a comprehensive analysis, recommendations have been developed to enhance the legal framework for ensuring effective prosecutorial oversight of food safety legislation implementation.

This paper examines the historical background and current state of collaboration between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It explores the prospects for the further development of this partnership, which is actively promoted by both countries. Uzbekistan and Saudi Arabia are working to strengthen bilateral relations and enhance cooperation in various sectors, such as economics, trade, investment, education, energy, healthcare. The paper identifies key areas where cooperation can bring mutual benefits and examines recent developments in the two countries' agreements.

This article examines the importance of the water factor in the relations between the two countries, including the impact of the ongoing projects and planned dams in the Kabul River basin, which flow through the territories of Afghanistan and Pakistan. The article also discusses in detail the hydropower potential of these rivers and their strategic importance for Afghanistan and Pakistan.

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolving landscape of parliamentary democracy in Uzbekistan amid rapid economic, political, and social reforms. The study underscores the transformative vision of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, whose initiatives have redefined the nation’s legislative framework by ensuring fundamental rights, human dignity, and the inviolability of private property. It examines the adoption of a new constitutional framework alongside strategic documents such as the “Uzbekistan-2030” Strategy, which collectively outline short-, medium-, and long-term national development goals. Emphasis is placed on modernizing the lawmaking process through the introduction of innovative democratic procedures, enhanced parliamentary oversight, and the effective use of information and communication technologies to foster public debate and citizen engagement. Furthermore, the article highlights the strengthening of inter-parliamentary cooperation and the deepening ties between deputies and their constituencies, which have resulted in increased transparency and responsiveness of the legislative body. Overall, the analysis demonstrates how the integrated reform efforts are consolidating a modern, accountable, and inclusive parliamentary institution that not only mirrors the aspirations of Uzbekistan’s diverse society but also paves the way for sustainable national development.

The article comprehensively analyzes the problems associated with appointing an audit as an investigative action. The study examines the procedural order of audit appointment, its legal foundations, the content of the audit appointment decree, and issues of its documentation. The paper also analyzes errors and shortcomings made by investigators, interrogators, and courts when appointing audits, and their causes. The article discusses the investigator's preparation process before appointing an audit, audit timeframes, and issues of selecting and engaging auditors. The research puts forward proposals on the need to involve specialists in the audit appointment process, implement a mechanism for appealing audit decisions, clearly define audit deadlines, and improve requirements for documenting audit appointment orders. Additionally, suggestions are made regarding the improvement of the procedural regulations for audit appointments and the expansion of legal guarantees in this process. The research results serve to improve the practice of investigating economic crimes.

In this article, the legal mechanisms of the prosecutor's control over the implementation of legislation on food safety and issues of their improvement, the analysis of the opinions of legal scholars on this issue, and the legislative experience of foreign countries are studied. As a result of the analysis, suggestions on improving the legal mechanisms of the prosecutor's control over the implementation of the legislation on food safety are substantiated.

In this article, the concept of offenses related to violation of the requirements of legal documents on the use of water resources of farms and the content of their types are studied.  In this article, the author explained the requirements and rules for the state implementation of environmental control of violations of the requirements of legal documents on the use of water resources by farms. This article examines the content and legal significance of environmental control of state and public environmental control in the field of rational use of water resources by farms. In this article, the author has shown that the decisions and decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan play an important role in improving environmental control. In this sense, environmental control is thought about ensuring the rational use of nature and harmful effects on the environment. State control over the use and protection of water and water resources of farms is proposed to be carried out by local state authorities, the State Committee for Ecology and Environmental Protection, the Inspection of Control over the Agro-Industrial Complex under the Cabinet of Ministers, and the Ministry of Water Management in accordance with the law.

This article provides information on the constituent documents of higher education institutions that determine their legal capacity and activities. In addition, the article provides analytical information and legal bases on the charters and regulations that determine the direction of activities of non-governmental and state educational organizations.