Political Science Law
| Open Access | Regulation of Artificial Intelligence in Law: Developments and Challenges
Dr. Reza Farhadi , Associate Professor, Department of Law and Criminal Justice Faculty of Law and Social Sciences Pars International University Tehran, Iran Dr. Niloofar Karimi , Assistant Professor, Department of Criminology and Legal Studies School of Law and Governance Caspian Institute of Advanced Studies Mashhad, IranAbstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technological force reshaping legal institutions, judicial administration, legal research, adjudication support systems, and regulatory governance. Courts across jurisdictions increasingly employ AI-enabled tools to enhance efficiency, reduce case backlogs, improve legal analytics, and facilitate access to justice. However, the integration of AI into legal processes has generated complex concerns relating to transparency, accountability, privacy, algorithmic bias, judicial independence, evidentiary reliability, and constitutional protections. This research and review article critically examines the evolving legal and constitutional frameworks governing AI regulation within the legal sector, with particular emphasis on judicial systems and legal decision-making. Drawing exclusively upon the provided references, the study synthesizes contemporary developments, analyzes emerging jurisprudential challenges, and evaluates regulatory responses adopted by courts and policymakers. The paper identifies significant tensions between technological innovation and foundational legal principles such as due process, fairness, natural justice, and constitutional rights. Findings reveal that while AI possesses substantial potential to improve legal administration, inadequate regulatory safeguards may compromise judicial legitimacy and public trust. The study concludes that a balanced regulatory architecture emphasizing human oversight, algorithmic transparency, ethical accountability, and constitutional compliance is essential for responsible AI deployment within legal systems
Keywords
Artificial Intelligence, Judiciary, Legal Regulation, Constitutional Law
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Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Reza Farhadi, Dr. Niloofar Karimi
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