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Applied Sciences OPEN ACCESS

Leveraging LLMs in recommendation systems

Nisarg B Shah
Product Manager | AI/ML Product Development Seattle, USA
DOI Crossref DOI 10.37547/tajas/Volume07Issue10-13
tajas 2025
VOL. 7 / NO. 10 OCTOBER
FULL TEXT PP. 113-120
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VOLUME 7
ISSUE 10
YEAR 2025
PAGES 113-120
RESEARCH OVERVIEW

Abstract

This paper discusses how large language models are being integrated into recommender systems. The paper attempts to carry out a broad evaluation of the capability of LLM embeddings and generative mechanisms in increasing ranking accuracy as well as decreasing inference latency, ensuring robustness toward the cold-start effect. An application such as this has enormous economic consequences since recommendations drive the central portion of viewing hours on Netflix and purchases on Amazon—over 80% and about 35%, respectively, initiated by recommendation algorithms. The novelty here is that the study applies a unified vector space setup for converting heterogeneous signals—textual descriptions, identifiers, and multilingual metadata—in a comparative analysis of classical and LLM-oriented schemes based on Recall@k, nDCG, and inference-latency metrics. Also included is the hybrid architectures systematization scope that ranges from feature-enrichment pipelines up to fully agent-based solutions. Vocabulary Expansion Techniques, Compressed alongside zero-shot ranking with GPT-4 in the loop, return a dramatic leap in recommendation accuracy at orders of magnitude less latency. Takeaways: LLM helps reduce manual feature engineering, increases ranking accuracy up to 62 per cent, remains stable in multilingual and low data scenarios, and generative and agent components make possible conversational interfaces and multi-step service orchestration. Hybrid solutions offer an optimal trade-off between recommendation quality and computational cost in industrial deployment. This article will be helpful to machine-learning researchers and practitioners, recommender-system developers, and personalization-service architects.

RESEARCH TOPICS

Keywords

large language models recommender systems cold start semantic vectors generative recommendations

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