Agriculture and Biomedical
| Open Access |
DOI: Cytogenetic Analysis Of Sugar Beet (Beta Vulgaris L.) Varietal Samples Selected As Initial Material
Ko‘liboyev Vohidjon Qodirovich , PhD student, Institute of Genetics and Plants Experimental Biology, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent Region 111 226, Yuqori-Yuz, Uzbekistan Mutalova Mamura , Head of laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Plants Experimental Biology, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent Region 111 226, Yuqori-Yuz, UzbekistanAbstract
The article presents a cytogenetic analysis of selected sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) varieties used as initial material for genetic research. Cytogenetic characterization and idiogram construction were performed for the sugar beet varieties Nimerchanskaya-030, Onyx, Novella, Lara, Diyor, Druzhba, and Victoria. Somatic metaphase chromosomes from two samples of each variety were analyzed, and idiograms were generated using the IdeoKar software and finalized in Adobe Photoshop. Karyotype analysis included 14 parameters, such as average chromosome length, total form percentage, centromeric index, arm ratio, and asymmetry indices (AsK%, A₁, A₂, AI). All varieties exhibited a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 18, consisting of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes; however, significant differences were observed among the varieties in terms of chromosome length, centromere position, and arm ratio. Haploid chromosome analysis revealed structural diversity: large chromosomes were generally submetacentric, while small ones were metacentric, reflecting both intra- and inter-chromosomal variability. The idiograms visually demonstrated these differences, providing an important basis for cytogenetic identification of varieties, comparative karyotype analysis, and breeding programs. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of the sugar beet genome structure and provide valuable data for genetic improvement programs.
Keywords
Beta vulgaris, sugar beet, karyotype
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